Earthquakes, volcanoes, and rectified diffusion
نویسندگان
چکیده
Rectified diffusion is a mechanism by which a strain wave can rapidly pump volatiles into a bubble and therefore increase the pressure in a closed syste~. The dynamic strain of either distant regional tectonic earthquakes or local volcanic tremor can be translated to static strain inside a magma chamber via this pro·cess. We formulate a theory appropriate to the conditions of a magma chamber and. calculate the increased pressure using realistic physical parameters. For a basaltic system initially at 130 MPa pressure, the excess pressure from rectified diffusi~n is between 0.4 and 4 MPa for a regional M~S earthquake. The pressure from rectified diffusion is often significantly above the static stress caused by d~formation f~r documented cases of triggered eruptions and thus presents a more viable mechanism for triggering. Prolonged tremor can have a similar effect since the total pressure added increases linearly with the duration of the excitation.
منابع مشابه
A limit on the effect of rectified diffusion in volcanic systems
[1] Forced oscillations can push dissolved volatiles into bubbles by a process called rectified diffusion. In engineering applications, the pumping action of rectified diffusion makes bubbles grow. In the geosciences, rectified diffusion is a suggested mechanism to trigger volcanic eruptions with seismic waves generated by distant earthquakes. Previous geoscience studies adopted the engineering...
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